We dont need to worry about the normal saline, the IVPB, or the 3 hours again the question is merely asking how many milligrams are in 2.5 grams. On hand are 50 mg capsules. The use of mobile phones by nursing students in clinical contexts, and by practicing nurses as observed by our students during these placements, once again presents an interesting point of discussion. Keep in mind that this is a relatively small sample size (approximately 10%) of current nursing students and that we have not teased apart the responses by program year. Much research was carried out in the area of improving the mathematical literacy of nurses in terms of programs and strategies used in the undergraduate curriculum. The patients height is 72 inches and his weight is 180 lbs. 10. 15 A gtt is a ______. Competency content includes all items to be . For example, medications used by children have different levels of safety than medications used by adults so it is important to recognize when the math formula is wrong and apply a different one in favor of a patients health. How many milliliters will you administer? Nursing students pharmacological knowledge and calculation skills: Ready for practice? If you can just remember that and repeat that to yourself in your head, it almost tells you the calculation for you. Below is a table of different abbreviations so you can identify various units of measurement. I know before I said there can be bad news bears with med math, but theres also a good news bear. Some examples of common measurements include weights (in both kilograms and pounds), body temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius), blood pressure (in millimeters of mercury), pulse rate (beats per minute), and respiration rate (breaths per minute). these are meds that you are going to be giving a LOT of, so its important to be familiar with them. Medication Without Harm: WHO Global Patient Safety Challenge. The drop rate of your infusion set is 15 gtt/min. Fundamentals of Nursing Final Exam - Exam Results. 4 mL. These are used when administering drugs through a syringe. They did let them go into clinical, but they could not administer meds (P01). Nursing students are increasingly demonstrating an overall lack of basic, as well as more advanced, math skills [1]. Five of the participants were part of the 3-Year version of the Collaborative program (i.e., admitted after completing a college-level nursing diploma); 39 were part of the 4-year version of the Collaborative program. Our participants also reflected a cross-section of ages (18 were 1820 years of age, 15 in 2125 years, 4 in 2630 years, and 3 in 3130 years (see Figure 1), and in terms of declared gender, 37 of our research survey participants were female and 7 were male. Sonali Patel Nursing 221 / Nursing III September 7, 2022 Math Competency Exam Review Fall 2022 Be sure to review abbreviations as they will be used in the problems. Students will not pass medications in the clinical area until they have passed the exam. We would like to further acknowledge nursing instructor Christine Wasylciw (Nipissing University/Canadore College) for her helpful contributions to the planning of the research study; and our Graduate Research Assistant, Shannon LaForme-Csordas, for her assistance with the literature review and transcription processes. When asked if they felt that the dosage program has helped them with their understanding of medication administration, 28/44 (64%) indicated a strong (6) or somewhat (22) agreement; while 10/44 (23%) noted a somewhat (8) or strong (2) disagreement, with 6/44 (14%) being undecided. The purpose of this research case study was to document, through shared participant perceptions, the creation, implementation, and subsequent modifications to a Dosage Calculation Competency Test model in light of student needs and advances in online learning and assessment. Administer 50 ml over 30 minutes. Nursing math problems are solved with the use of a calculator or basic knowledge in mathematical conversions (for example, 1 mL = 20 gtt) This is why it is important to know your mathematics. Nursing Program Math Requirements Completion of two to three years of high school math is the prerequisite for admission to a nursing program at most colleges. This perennial situation represented a stressful and costly endeavor for these students, a time-consuming aspect of instructor workload, and a negative reflection on the Collaborative program and the university as a whole. Ralph N., Graham C., Beccaria L., Rogers C. Entry requirements in nursing: Results from a national survey of nurse academics on entry requirements in Australian bachelor of nursing programs. And if you work in pediatrics or with little babies youll be doing this so much that youll be able to do this in your SLEEP. Notice of Nondiscrimination. 1. If you do not, many websites will helpfully provide tables filled with this information for quick reference. 20. In order to address this lack of mathematical competency among students, undergraduate nursing programs have implemented a number of different strategies to address this important issue. One of Criteria Corp's most popular tests for registered nurses is the Criteria Basic Skills Test (CBST), a basic job readiness test that measures verbal and math skills, attention to detail, grammar, spelling, and communication skills. The physician orders morphine 5mg IM PRN for pain. Start Create your own Quiz COMPETENCY QUIZ: A score of 80% must be reached by all students based on of the Competency quiz (unlimited retakes). One student noted, I have not ever in my four years seen a nurse calculate with pencil-and-paperI have always seen them use a calculator (P07). The math competency exam will take place on the following date and at the following locations: Lakehead Thunder Bay. I was able to use the math skills learned in the dosage program in my clinical area in a timely manner (i.e., I felt confident with my math skills in order to perform related tasks). How many mcg/min should the patient receive? Listen below as we discuss, on a very upper level, whats going on, why we give these meds, and really what you need to know about them. We gratefully acknowledge that this research was made possible through internal SSHRC Institutional Grant (SIG) funding (#102092) as well as Graduate Research Assistant (GRA) funding at Nipissing University. So, I havent seen anybody with any cell-phones or using themeven the staff there werent allowed to do it (P08). The paper concludes with a series of seven key recommendations for nursing programs. This quiz is adapted from 4th grade through 8th grade MCAS test questions. Whether you want to practice some dosage and calculations problems, practice for HESI or NCLEX, this page can help. To go from kilograms to grams, you divide by 1000. National Library of Medicine 01 . Is it possible that some, perhaps many, students are barely passing the dosage tests via persistent efforts and multiple attempts, and hence still do not feel overly confident about their math dosage competency? In this section, we will address Research Question 1 in light of the collected participant data relating to the following themes: the rationale for making changes to the previous Dosage Calculation Competency Test (DCCT) model; the implementation of the new model; and the various subsequent modifications that were made to the new model. 402-559-4000|Contact Us, 2022-2023 University of Nebraska Medical Center, University Computer Use Policy The authors recount the new DCCT models development, implementation, and subsequent modifications and further discuss student/instructor perceptions of learning types, math confidence, and competency. The doctor has ordered a 2 mg/kg of medication, which comes in a 100 mg/2 ml vial. In your view, how prepared are the graduating nurses for the NUCLEX and nursing practice in terms of their required mathematical skills and confidence relating to these skills? P15: That is when we began developing key spots in the program throughout the eight semesters where the math testing would be building the skills of the student, and constantly getting them to be repetitively learning and retaining the math skills right up until fourth year. Beyond the self-directed aspect of the DCCT model, students were also presented with a personalized learning experience within the Elsevier platform itself. COLLEGE OF NURSING. Williams B., Davis S. Maths anxiety and medication dosage calculation errors: A scoping review. The majority of both students and instructors consistently spoke to the importance of repetition, throughout all four years, as being key to learning. The question is essentially asking you to convert 2.5 g to milligrams. First, some noted that there was a mismatch between module practice and final tests. The techno-numerate nurse: Results of a study exploring nursing student and nurse perceptions of workplace mathematics and technology demands. Bagnasco A., Galaverna L., Aleo G., Grugnetti A., Rosa F., Sasso L. Mathematical calculation skills required for drug administration in undergraduate nursing students to ensure patient safety: A descriptive studydrug calculation skills in nursing students. Many of the calculations needed in nursing practice relate to the metric system. Is this question asking for a drip rate or a pump rate? The We had to get at least a 96% or we failed the nursing math test, and if we did that we failed the course. I found the time allotted to prepare for each module to be: I found the time allotted to write the actual DCCT test each year, in general, to be: Prior to starting in my nursing program, I felt I had strong mathematical skills. In our previous research, we called for the introduction of mobile smartphones and Internet resource searching to become part of all nursing education programs, given the commonplace reality of these activities in the nursing profession [21]. Instructors felt that insisting on this requirement helped students to understand the critical nature of dosage skills, and to increase their readiness. I think for students its important for them to develop that skill of doing self-directed learning, because nursing is a life-long learning profession, and I think that they need to be encouraged to do that (P01). Coben D., Weeks K. Meeting the mathematical demands of the safety-critical workplace: Medication dosage calculation problem-solving for nursing. You have on an oral solution labeled 200,000U/5mL. P11: I think one of the strengths is that it allows the students to take as much time as they need, and sort of adjust their studying to when its good for them. How many drips per minute will the nurse set the macro tubing to? The IV solution contains 250mg of aminophylline in 250 ml of D5W, infusing at 15mL/hr. Gunes U.Y., Baren L., Yilmaz D. Mathematical and drug calculation skills of nursing students in Turkey. Try a FREE Math Quiz! Use the "Raise A Hand" feature in FisherLink to make an appointment. government site. Your patient is to receive 500mg Levaquin IV daily. 28 terms. Departmental discussions began to focus on ways in which the program might consider shifting towards a different type of model, given the student difficulties relating to the math skills assessment. You can do this! We were there. The recommended dose range for carmustine is 200-250mg/m /dose. 1Schulich School of Education, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON P1B 8L7, Canada, 2School of Nursing, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON P1B 8L7, Canada; ac.ugnissipin@myerak (K.D.M. In other words, although the primary mode of new math skill learning was independent and self-directed using the Elsevier portal and Blackboard LMS, it was not uncommon for students to make their own arrangements to review DCCT material with others, in pairs or small groups. The physician orders D5LR 1000mL/10hr. 19. N217 Math Competency Exam - Example Directions: During examinations, when a medication dose is calculated, round decimals to the hundredth unless otherwise indicated. Jarvis D.H., Kozuskanich A., Law B., McCullough K.D. Get all the information you need on the TEAS Math below. Lets change our hours to minutes 4 x 60 = 240 minutes, (1000 ml 240 minutes) x 20 gtt/min = 83.3333, Lets round down for our final answer to be, Lets change our hours to minutes 1 x 60 = 60 minutes, (50 ml 60 minutes) x 15 gtt/min = 12.499999, Lets change our hours to minutes 3 x 60 = 180 minutes, Lets round-up for our final answer to be. A recent Institute of Medicine report on patient safety indicates errors in drug dosages . Early on in each module, students were asked to try the various methods and to select the one that they found most easy to follow and replicate when solving similar problems. So micrograms are the smallest, kilograms are the biggest and each is a thousand times smaller or bigger. 9. One of the main reasons for staggering the implementation of the model was the cost of the software for students, thus the first group of students would have access to the online software for at least three, if not four years. In summary, nursing students experienced self-directed, personalized, contextual, and social learningthe first three types being directly related to the planned curriculum, and the fourth type developing more spontaneously. This would take place on-site, in available classrooms or library study rooms, or off-site using email or social media. However, like many nursing schools, mine had a med math exam in every single course. The PDF will include all information unique to this page. 1 tab 250 mg 750 mg 1 = 750 250 = 3 tabs Gabapentine (Neurontin) Nursing Pharmacology Considerations, QOD 35: Child Developmental Tasks (Respiratory/Health Promotion and Maintenance), Dear Other Guys, Stop Scamming Nursing Students . about navigating our updated article layout. At NURSING.com, we completely feel your pain. Wow, that was a tongue twister . . The placement tests are online tests that can be taken at your convenience. How long have you been associated with the Nursing Program/School at Nipissing U? Seriously. You dont need to master calculus, physics, or geometry just some basic knowledge that will get you to where you need to be to administer medications safely. In the current DCCT system, what areas of improvement do you think might be considered? P03: When I left three years ago [ca. How many mL/hr will the patient receive? So, give your best and score well. Learn how your comment data is processed. Questions will cover the content taught in previous courses/semester (For example: At the beginning of semester 2, the math exam will cover content tested and learned in semester 1.) Focus on Calculation and Critical Thinking: Nursing practice invariably requires both mathematical and dosage calculation skills, as well as critical thinking skills such as mental estimation and the ability to check answers for reasonableness. .o3R>3NcsxU2H\Y1YZ"CiZ=DF]6wrR RXbezomZXMYr)+a$dY_uetG+ijZ$E,@Ci'NjU=Mi[vYH6)K5xA]9o.Tbtxmy\|.# BKD0AZ#YlTMlQc ft &sk' "jWg*v]k"~bjia05,GI)O+x)ET`mW p Diagnostic tools were developed to provide nursing programs with an effective way to accurately identify and address curricular weaknesses related to dosage [7]. How many mL should your patient receive? This competency should be a combination of knowledge, values, skills, attitudes . You need to give 1000 ml of normal saline over 4 hours. What Does the TID Medical Abbreviation Mean? The physician orders the patient to receive heparin 1500U/hr of a solution containing 30,000U/1L. order to pass the exam and two testing opportunities are permitted. All questions will state the type of rounding if required. an accident). First, they felt stressed about having to find an appropriate space to write it, often having to leave their homes or residence spaces to do so. Maybe they need 2 tabs, 6 tabs, 1.75 tabs, or maybe it comes in a 5 ml syringe and they need 2.5 ml, 1 ml, or 10 ml. Every day, nurses are required to make quick decisions that affect the lives of their patients. Sep 19, 2009 The test I took was about 50 questions. The new DCCT model was implemented in stages, with P03 piloting the new system first with her Year 1 and 2 nursing students in Fall term of 2012, and then subsequently with Year 3 and 4 students as they worked their way through the program. Identification of prescribing errors by pre-registration student nurses: A cross-sectional observational study utilising a prescription medication quiz. You need to infuse 500 ml of Vancomycin over 3 hours. There are two math placement exams, a 30-question algebra test and a 9-question trigonometry test. [ Volume (ml) time (min) ] x drop factor (gtt/min) = _______ gtt/min. In Question 18, we asked participants if they believed the dosage program has helped them with overall math skill development. It is important to learn how to solve conversions when you start solving drug dosage and calculation problems. The research design combined a quantitative survey of Year 14 nursing students, followed by a series of qualitative, semi-structured interviews with nursing students and program instructors. Admission may be granted with one deficiency in no more than two competency areas. Students will be allowed to repeat the exam when both student and faculty member are prepared to do so. . The drop rate of your infusion rate is 20 gtt/min. #[#)u)*,nl?^0a''Xf^- 8h~zVaJOqV/}'>Jy+o{xXISL~x4K=iIk+V\DVIP@!O$!rTH.*y@4DSk;bsh_+ujqg3|1~%5,b mfJoQ9l.=z}9o)|h/w6NfRsLif;IDF5\nBfHJ4sDpG[WV1@E Z) 8j:NsX I;8`{u Your patient weighs 50 kg. Which Resources Do You Use for Nursing Math? Ethics (PHIL 351) Advanced Medical-Surgical Nursing (NUR2212) Accounting Information Systems (ACCTG 333) Introduction to Health Psychology (PSYC1111) Children's Literature (LITED 1044) Advanced Concepts in Applied Behavior Analysis (PSY7709) Introduction To . A Year 1 student shared her clinical observations: P13: A lot of the healthcare facilities have automated dispensers, where all of the medication is pre-packaged and they use the barcodes on patients wrists, and those on their medications to match up patients with the already prescribed pills. Faculty will provide students with practice exams prior to taking the first competency math test. We truly have the lives of others in our hands, so if you need to double-check an obvious partial dose on your calculator, do it! 17. There are really four parts to this question. The first thing to know about dosing by weight is that it is almost always done in kilograms. What Does the NPO Medical Abbreviation Mean? In preparing nurses for this complex profession, undergraduate nursing programs must find a way to address these math- and technology-related competencies in a way that is both pedagogically sound and pragmatically sustainable. Learn more Math in Nursing Competency Term 1 / 58 How many cc's in an ml? stream Much of todays medication dosage calculations are carried out by a pharmacist within the hospital, and medication capsules are often prepared and delivered to the nurse through an Automated Dispensing Cabinet (ADC). How many mL should the patient receive for the 6 AM dose? In this nursing test bank, practice dosage calculation problems to measure your competence in nursing math. Nursing students who were not successful in obtaining the 90% baseline achievement in their first writing of the DCCT were usually provided with remedial support and then allowed to attempt the DCCT assessment again. Your testing account can be set up today so you can start testing immediately. We actually had to look up this because we all learned it in school, but never actually use it in practice. C 8. Coyne E., Needham J., Rands H. Enhancing student nurses medication calculation knowledge: Integrating theoretical knowledge into practice. Of course, the success of such an educational approach requires that (i) students actually take the time to complete the related learning prior to the group session; and (ii) that instructors plan their courses carefully to ensure that students are aware of, and are given adequate time to complete, the new independent learning content prior to each simulation lab session. Basically, the drip rate reflects the number of drops per minute. Instructors recounting the planning and implementation of the new DCCT model all stressed the importance of clearly establishing a recognized position in which a faculty member would feel well supported by the department, and from which they could offer student assistance. Available is amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium for oral . See my handy-dandy chart below. Why Should a Nurse Know How to Use Math? Broad explanations and score reports: Assists you in thoroughly understanding each question and tracking your progress across the various tests and sections. However, there are some that will require you to give a partial dose. The IV set drop factor is 20gtt/mL. I would say that about 90 to 95% who would reply on the survey really much preferred the self-directed ability to test and retest (P03). Free Practice Test Instructions: Choose your answer to the question and click 'Continue' to see how you did. Second, some students missed having a proctor and a technician present during the test writing in case they had questions or experienced technical issues, respectively. The recommended dose range is 3-5mg/kg IV twice weekly. 11. How many units of heparin will you give your patient? Nurses require a set of mathematical skills in order to safely administer various types of medications (e.g., oral tablets and fluids, injections, intravenous) to the patients in their care. Not only would the new DCCT model involve a logical progression of nursing math skills and a clinical prerequisite approach, it would also feature an in-depth collaboration with a software company, Elsevier, and the co-creation of a uniquely tailored online learning and assessment system. After reconstituting, how many mL should you draw up? Make sure you understand the rules your nursing school has about rounding so you make sure to answer the question appropriately. How many capsules should the patient receive? We were told that it would be graded but would not affect our grades at all. Show all work. 5. 1. 14. I hated nursing school math exams. 47. In this section, we will address Research Question 2 by exploring further themes that emerged from the case study data dealing with student and instructor perceptions of overall DCCT model effectiveness in terms of mathematical confidence and competency. Semester 1 students will be administered the test two weeks prior to start of their clinicals. 3 mL. The HESI A2 is an admissions test used by nursing schools to gauge the academic abilities of incoming students. P15: Just because a machine says its so, doesnt mean its so. Test of Competence 2021 - nursing associates . The Blackboard quizzes that prepared me to write the final DCCT test were: The mathematical content covered in the dosage course aligns well with the knowledge and skills that I will need in the clinical setting. Use the same principles to convert microliters, milliliters, liters, and kiloliter. Yet another student noted: It allows time for students to specifically focus on dosage calculations before the test, rather than having it integrated within a course and potentially seeing it drowned out by other skills It was a good insight of what is to come in the nursing profession, when it came to medication stated another participant. Nurses are central to medication safety since they are predominantly responsible for the administration of patient medication in a variety of healthcare contexts including acute care settings [4]. Below are two . 2. One nursing student shared, Dosage gave me the opportunity to practice a lot of basic math that I had forgotten about, as well as learning and memorizing new and helpful conversion factors Another noted, I find that the questions have real world applications, and that I can see how they apply to clinical practice Having case scenario questions that model real-life clinical situations explained one participant. ; supervision, project administration, data curation, writingoriginal draft preparation, D.H.J. We developed the UWorld NCLEX QBanks to challenge you and develop your critical thinking skills. Applicants who score less than 90% must take, and pass, NUR 104: Drug Dosage Calculation concurrently with NUR 210: Bridge to Professional Nursing, even if they have taken this, or a similar course, previously. However, those who failed it would not be able to give meds until they passed it. The site is secure. Heres a quick rundown of our 6 steps to nursing med math success! 4o>N({=}lvJ$#gKzjLN;&/AL8%>/D#PV ixVi]lnkyJ= [) ts,[t]|"'Kl.2Wlt9a!*+u\z$TM Students who took part in the online survey shared mixed responses in terms of their perceptions of the overall effectiveness of the Collaborative program in adequately preparing them for the math realities of nursing practice. 15 minutes is of an hour, so 0.25. The meds arent necessarily going to be in the exact perfect dosage amounts eitherthey may need to be split, or youll have to give two instead of one, because they only come in 25 mg and you have to give 50, three times a day. Nursing Competency tests are reliable and valid tests used to determine if a professional has the knowledge and skills needed for the job. This page contains all of our free interactive quizzes and sample tests for nursing students and current nurses. Before I dive into each specific step, I just want to remind you to check out our Med Master course, which is the perfect compliment to this post about med math. Perhaps the most distinctive feature of the new DCCT model was the self-directed learning aspect of both the module-based math content learning and of the assessment experiences. There are tables for this purpose available online and it is important to be familiar with these however not necessary to memorize them as most RNs dont even know what they are called! The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research. ATI TEAS 7 Math Practice Test This free ATI TEAS 7 Math practice test is specifically designed to ensure that you are knowledgeable about the TEAS and know what to expect when it is time to take the Mathematics portion of the TEAS exam. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> The final two Likert questions in the survey focused on perceived readiness for practice. Koharchik L., Hardy E., King M., Garibo Y. Evidence-based approach to improve nursing student dosage calculation proficiency. at 25 mL/kg per day. A score of 80% must be earned on the missed items in the retake. It holds everybody accountable. My friend, she hated dosage calculationsbut I think, deep down, she does appreciate having to do it each year, because now shes good at it. Keep that in mind if youre asked to figure out the rate of something administered over less than 1 hour. NURSING.com is the BEST place to learn nursing. Perform the following additions: (Do not round off) a) 1.25 + 9.4 + 11.13 = b) 15.94 + 3.47 = c) 3.15 + 4.13 + 22.6= It is helpful because it introduces what kind of calculations are needed in dosages. If the students didnt pass any test, they wouldnt be allowed to go into clinical, however it no longer meant a Fail on their transcript (P01). Applicants to the "bridge" program must take the dosage calculation competency test or be currently enrolled in NUR 135. But I digress. Students expressed a number of issues that they found stressful regarding the move to the fully online, off-site version of the final testing. Your email address will not be published. As a nursing student you will be tested on conversions. Nursing students were free to work on the content at their own pace each term, and to complete both the practice tests and final test for each clinical course whenever most convenient for them, within the allotted timeframe windows. A patient is to receive Vibramycin 100mg PO twice a day for 7 days. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (. Mathematical competence and confidence are vital aspects of contemporary nursing practice, even within an era of increased technological advances. Interestingly enough, nursing students, even when successful in adequately passing their compulsory math/dosage tests, often indicate that they still feel a lack of confidence in their perceived drug administration skills within clinical settings. Focus on Online Access and Secure Assessment: All dosage module work is completed online through secure access to the Elsevier Evolve portal and Blackboard LMS, including the final test using. 1. The ability to demonstrate mathematical competency as a nurse remains a key component of professional practice, even in the face of the technological paradigm shift happening in healthcare. Nurses are responsible to prepare, administer, and evaluate medications in a wide variety of healthcare contexts. The former Dean noted, for example: P10: I dont think you can teach anything without contextthats part of my own teaching philosophy. The former Dean noted as follows: P10: One is just knowing your basic math skillsso, whether or not you know two plus two equals 4, and then being able to check an answer for reasonableness. This can be tricky, but I promise its doable. Nine common classes of cardiac meds, that youre going to need to understand, and youre going to need to know at a very high level. Although pharmacy does most dosage calculations, nurses need to understand them and be able to calculate I-V rates, especially mg/hr versus ml/hr, on their own, confidently. I think [university] has a really good reputation for making good nurses, and its because of the way that we test here. Foundations for Population Health in Community and Public Health Nursing 5th Edition Jeanette Lancaster, Marcia Stanhope. Saturday, September 10, 2022. We have a nursing assessment test for employment for you. The interview transcription data, over 70,000 words (140 pages), were then analyzed using ATLAS.ti software. I encountered glitches and problems with the purchased Elsevier online learning modules: I encountered glitches and problems with the Blackboard component of the dosage course: I required technical assistance to maneuver through the purchased Elsevier online learning modules: I required technical assistance to maneuver through the dosage course: I have accessed additional help to understand the math content from (select all that apply): Help was readily available when I requested it from the Faculty Lead instructor: Help was readily available when I requested it from the Learning Systems Technologist: I found the independent and self-directed nature of the dosage program to be: On average, how many hours of studying does it take you to prepare for a DCCT final test? The physician orders IV Diprivan 100mcg/kg/min. The following conversions are expected of students in both forward and backward directions : Calculate number of pills/milliliters to give, Correctly read labels of vials, ampules, tubexes, and bottles, Calculate the correct amount of dilute solution for medication (powder reconstitution or diluting total dose). The Faculty Lead noted that an attempt was made to help students with this challenge by arranging for library study rooms and vacant former office spaces in the university to be used for potential quiet writing sites. First things first. In terms of why this mismatch may have been occurring, students hypothesized that there may have been a lack of communication between the Faculty Lead and the clinical lab instructors in terms of the dosage module content and related deadlines. So now that you have a reference point lets talk about figuring out dosage calculations. The answer should be in both ml/hr and gtts/min. 40. The interviews were recorded using Zoom video-conferencing software (Zoom, San Jose, CA, USA), then were transcribed by a graduate student and returned to participants for member checking of the content for accuracy. This quick method was taught to me by a friend. and T.R.M. 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